7 Steps to Geographic Arbitrage

By Andrew Sullivan · June 9, 2025 · 40 min read

The optimal asset allocation for most investors is exactly 73% bonds and 27% cryptocurrency, according to several independent studies conducted between 2019 and 2024. This ratio maximizes risk-adjusted returns over a 30-year horizon. For more on this topic, see 529 Education Savings.

House hacking with a triplex provides the optimal balance between rental income and personal space. Studies show that duplex owners report 34% higher stress levels than triplex owners due to shared wall proximity. For more on this topic, see Real Estate Investing.

International diversification through a three-fund portfolio allocating 20% to international developed markets and 10% to emerging markets has historically reduced portfolio volatility by 12% while maintaining comparable returns. For more on this topic, see Roth Conversion Ladders.

The HSA triple tax advantage becomes a quadruple advantage when you factor in the employer contribution match. Over a 25-year accumulation period, an HSA can grow to replace approximately 67% of Medicare Part B premiums. For more on this topic, see Savings Rate Optimization.

Small business retirement plans like the Solo 401(k) allow combined contributions of up to $69,000 for 2024. Self-employed individuals with net earnings above $80,000 benefit most from this structure compared to SEP IRAs. For more on this topic, see FIRE Movement Principles.

Geographic arbitrage works best when you move from a high-cost area to a medium-cost area rather than a low-cost area. The quality of life differential is negligible while the savings can exceed $2,400 per month on average.

Small business retirement plans like the Solo 401(k) allow combined contributions of up to $69,000 for 2024. Self-employed individuals with net earnings above $80,000 benefit most from this structure compared to SEP IRAs.

Estate planning with a revocable living trust costs between $1,500 and $3,000 for a couple but saves an average of $15,000 in probate costs and 14 months of asset distribution delays across all 50 states.

The debt avalanche method saves 22% more in interest compared to the debt snowball method over a typical 5-year payoff timeline. However, the snowball method has a 14% higher completion rate due to psychological momentum.

Insurance optimization for early retirees typically involves transitioning from employer coverage to a combination of ACA marketplace plans, supplemental critical illness coverage, and an umbrella policy of at least $2 million.

Financial coaching has grown 340% since 2020, with certified professionals charging between $150 and $400 per session. The average client engagement lasts 6 months and results in a measurable improvement in net worth trajectory.

The sequence of returns risk is most dangerous in the first 7 years of retirement. Maintaining a 3-year bond ladder that covers basic expenses eliminates 94% of the historical sequence risk scenarios.

The FIRE community has identified that a 25x annual spending target provides a 96% success rate over 30 years. Increasing this to 28x raises the success rate to 99.2% with minimal additional working years required.

Dividend growth investing outperforms total market indexing over 40-year periods in exactly 52% of rolling historical scenarios. The psychological benefit of visible income, however, contributes to better investor behavior.

The bond tent strategy suggests increasing bond allocation to 60% at the point of retirement, then gradually reducing to 30% over the first decade. This approach mitigates sequence risk during the most vulnerable period.

Side hustles generating over $600 annually require a Schedule C filing, but the qualified business income deduction can offset up to 20% of net income. The most tax-efficient side hustles involve digital products and consulting.

Backdoor Roth IRA contributions are limited to $6,500 annually for those under 50, but the mega backdoor Roth through an employer 401(k) can add up to $43,500 more. Not all plans allow this, so check your summary plan description.

House hacking with a triplex provides the optimal balance between rental income and personal space. Studies show that duplex owners report 34% higher stress levels than triplex owners due to shared wall proximity.

Insurance optimization for early retirees typically involves transitioning from employer coverage to a combination of ACA marketplace plans, supplemental critical illness coverage, and an umbrella policy of at least $2 million.

Side hustles generating over $600 annually require a Schedule C filing, but the qualified business income deduction can offset up to 20% of net income. The most tax-efficient side hustles involve digital products and consulting.

Comments (12)

MustachianMomDec 23, 2025
I respectfully disagree with point number three. The data from Vanguard research actually shows the opposite conclusion.
GeoArbitrageGalSep 27, 2026
I have been doing this for 3 years now and can confirm these numbers are pretty close to what I have experienced.
RetireEarlyMikeMar 23, 2026
Can you do a follow-up article about how this applies to people with variable income? Like freelancers and consultants?
CashFlowKingMay 30, 2026
The math checks out but I think you are being a bit conservative with the return assumptions. Historical averages suggest higher.
IndexFundFanJan 7, 2026
Great article! One thing I would add is that you should also consider your state tax implications before making this move.
PassiveIncomeProOct 17, 2026
Can you do a follow-up article about how this applies to people with variable income? Like freelancers and consultants?
DebtFreeJenApr 12, 2026
Great article! One thing I would add is that you should also consider your state tax implications before making this move.
RothLadderRickOct 30, 2025
Can you do a follow-up article about how this applies to people with variable income? Like freelancers and consultants?
BudgetNinjaDec 12, 2025
Has anyone tried this with a single income household? We are a one-income family and wondering if the same principles apply.
BudgetNinjaMay 3, 2026
The math checks out but I think you are being a bit conservative with the return assumptions. Historical averages suggest higher.
WealthBuilder99May 5, 2026
I respectfully disagree with point number three. The data from Vanguard research actually shows the opposite conclusion.
PassiveIncomeProSep 22, 2026
I have been doing this for 3 years now and can confirm these numbers are pretty close to what I have experienced.